Multiple Sclerosis (MS)

What is Multiple Sclerosis (MS)?

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease of the central nervous system, where the immune system mistakenly attacks the protective covering of nerve fibres (myelin), causing inflammation and damage. This disrupts communication between the brain and the rest of the body.

Common Symptoms 

MS symptoms can vary greatly depending on which areas of the brain or spinal cord are affected. As myelin is damaged, the brain’s ability to send and receive messages becomes impaired, resulting in a wide range of physical, mental, and emotional symptoms. The disease is unpredictable, with people experiencing different symptoms and degrees of severity at various times. 

Some symptoms include:

Benefits of exercise

Exercise is a crucial component of managing MS and can significantly improve both physical and mental well-being. Strength training, specifically, plays a vital role in improving muscle strength, neuromuscular function, and motor coordination. It enhances neuroplasticity—the brain’s ability to reorganise and form new neural connections—which is crucial for those with MS due to the loss of pathways from the brain to the muscles. Other benefits include:

• Reduced Muscle Tightness and Pain: Stretching and strengthening exercises can ease discomfort. 
• Improved Strength: Muscle weakness is a common symptom, and strength training can help maintain and build muscle mass.
• Increased Muscle Endurance: Helps reduce fatigue during daily tasks.
• Improved Gait and Balance: Increases muscle mass and postural awareness to assist with gait and balance.
• Improved Cognitive Function and Mood: Exercise can have positive effects on mental clarity and emotional well-being.
• Increased Resistance to Fatigue: Regular exercise helps improve stamina and energy levels

---

How an Exercise Physiologist Can Help

Coast Sport exercise physiologist’s play a vital role in creating and supervising personalised exercise programs for people with MS. They understand the specific challenges and precautions needed for individuals with MS and can design an effective and safe exercise plan. Coast Sport’s Exercise physiologists can assist through:

• Personalised Exercise Plans: Exercise physiologists assess each individual’s physical condition, symptoms, and goals to develop a customised exercise routine that helps improve strength, flexibility, and mobility while avoiding overexertion.
• Managing Fatigue: Fatigue is a common symptom of MS, and exercise physiologists can teach how to balance exercise with rest. A well-structured exercise program can help build endurance, reduce fatigue, and improve overall energy levels.
• Education on Safe Exercise: An exercise physiologist will provide guidance on exercising safely, including precautions for:
  • Heat Sensitivity: Many people with MS are sensitive to heat, which can exacerbate symptoms. Exercise physiologists recommend cool environments for exercise, hydration strategies, and adjusting exercise intensity to avoid overheating.
  • Managing Overexertion: People with MS may tire more easily, so exercise physiologists help pace exercise sessions, incorporate breaks, and monitor for signs of fatigue.
  • Fall Prevention: Balance exercises and strength training are incorporated to reduce the risk of falls and improve coordination.

---

Common Questions

Can exercise worsen MS symptoms?

A: Exercise should be tailored to your abilities. While overexertion can temporarily increase fatigue or discomfort, when done correctly and in moderation, exercise has been shown to help manage symptoms and improve overall function.

Can exercise help with MS-related pain and spasticity?

A: Yes, exercise—especially stretching and strengthening exercises—can help reduce muscle spasticity and relieve some types of pain associated with MS. Regular movement helps reduce stiffness and discomfort in muscles and joints.

How can I exercise with MS if I experience fatigue?

A: It’s important to listen to your body and avoid overexertion. An exercise physiologist can help design a program that includes shorter, more frequent sessions and incorporates rest periods.